How do you provide a user access to other AWS services?

To give a user access to AWS services, you use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). First, create an IAM user or group. Then attach policies that grant the necessary permissions. Policies are JSON documents that specify allowed or denied actions on resources. Use the principle of least privilege: grant only the permissions required for the user’s job. You can attach AWS managed policies for common roles (e.g., AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess) or create custom policies for fine‑grained control. For cross‑account access, you can use IAM roles with trust relationships and assume_role. Additionally, enable Multi‑Factor Authentication (MFA) for extra security. You can manage these settings via the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or infrastructure‑as‑code tools like CloudFormation or Terraform. Regularly review and rotate credentials, and use IAM Access Analyzer to detect unintended access.